First, the working principles are different. In cold chamber die casting, the metal melting furnace is separate from the die casting machine. The molten metal from the furnace needs to be manually or mechanically pressed into the injection chamber (cold chamber) of the die casting machine, and then pressed into the mold cavity through the injection mechanism. In hot chamber die casting, however, the injection chamber is directly immersed in the molten metal of the furnace. During injection, the molten metal can flow from the injection chamber into the mold without the need to scoop out the metal liquid separately, making the injection process more smooth and efficient.
Second, the applicable materials are different. Cold chamber die casting is suitable for casting metal materials with high melting points and poor fluidity, such as aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and magnesium alloys. These materials have relatively little corrosive effect on the injection chamber components at high temperatures. Hot chamber die casting is mainly suitable for casting metals with low melting points, good fluidity, and little corrosiveness to the injection chamber. Zinc alloys are commonly used, and some magnesium alloys with low melting points can also be cast by hot chamber die casting.
Finally, the application scenarios of the products are different. Since cold chamber die casting can handle alloys with high strength, its products can be used to cast large-sized, complex-structured products with high mechanical performance requirements, such as automobile engine blocks, transmission housings, and large mechanical parts. Hot chamber die casting, with its high efficiency and relatively low cost, is suitable for mass production of small-sized, thin-walled products with high precision requirements, such as zipper sliders, toy accessories, electronic device housings, and small hardware parts.
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